What Is a Meteorite?
A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid that originates in outer space and survives its passage through Earth's atmosphere to reach the ground. Before entering the atmosphere, these objects are called meteoroids. While streaking through the sky, they produce a bright trail of light — a meteor or shooting star. Only if a piece reaches the ground does it earn the name meteorite.
Meteorites come in three main types: stony meteorites (the most common, making up about 94% of all falls), iron meteorites (about 5%, mostly composed of iron-nickel alloy), and stony-iron meteorites (the rarest, about 1%). Each type tells a different story about the formation of our solar system. Stony meteorites come from the crusts of asteroids, iron meteorites from their cores, and stony-irons from the boundary between the two.